نظریہ ارتقاء کو یہ سمجھنا کہ وہ مذہب کے خلاف ہے یا سائنسدان خدا کے وجود کی اس نظریے کے ذریعے نفی کرتے ہیں، یہ مختلف گروہوں کے بنائے ہوئے خیالات ہیں۔ سائنس نہ ایسا کوئی دعویٰ کرتی ہے اور نہ ہی سائنس کا کام خدا کے وجود کو ثابت کرنا ہے۔ سائنس قدرتی عمل (نیچرل پراسز) کو سمجھتی ہے اور جو نتائج اخذ کئے جاتے ہیں وہ دنیا کے سامنے آجاتے ہیں۔
برکلی یونیورسٹی کی سائٹ پر نظریہ ارتقاء کے حوالے سے کچھ غلط فہمیوں سے متعلق بہت اچھے جوابات دئیے گئے ہیں۔ وہاں پر مذہب اور سائنس کے ٹکراؤ سے متعلق بھی جواب دیا گیا ہے۔ کتنے ہی سائنسدان ہیں جو مذہبی ہیں لیکن وہ آرام سے اپنا کام جاری رکھے ہوئے ہیں۔ ایمان رکھنا یا نہ رکھنا ہر کسی کا ذاتی فعل ہے۔
MISCONCEPTION: Evolution and religion are incompatible.
CORRECTION: Because of some individuals and groups stridently declaring their beliefs, it's easy to get the impression that science (which includes evolution) and religion are at war; however, the idea that one always has to choose between science and religion is incorrect. People of many different faiths and levels of scientific expertise see no contradiction at all between science and religion. For many of these people, science and religion simply deal with different realms. Science deals with natural causes for natural phenomena, while religion deals with beliefs that are beyond the natural world.
Of course, some religious beliefs explicitly contradict science (e.g., the belief that the world and all life on it was created in six literal days
does conflict with evolutionary theory); however, most religious groups have no conflict with the theory of evolution or other scientific findings. In fact, many religious people, including theologians, feel that a deeper understanding of nature actually enriches their faith. Moreover, in the scientific community there are thousands of scientists who are devoutly religious and also accept evolution. For concise statements from many religious organizations regarding evolution, see
Voices for Evolution on the NCSE website. To
learn more about the relationship between science and religion, visit the Understanding Science website.
Misconceptions about evolution
اسی جواب میں ایک اور لنک بھی دیا گیا ہے۔
Science and religion: Reconcilable differences
With the loud protests of a small number of religious groups over teaching scientific concepts like evolution and the Big Bang in public schools, and the equally loud proclamations of a few scientists with personal, anti-religious philosophies, it can sometimes seem as though
science and religion are at war. News outlets offer plenty of reports of school board meetings, congressional sessions, and Sunday sermons in which scientists and religious leaders launch attacks at one another. But just how representative are such conflicts? Not very. The attention given to such clashes glosses over the far more numerous cases in which science and religion harmoniously, and even synergistically, coexist.
In fact, people of many different faiths and levels of scientific expertise see no contradiction at all between science and religion. Many simply acknowledge that the two institutions deal with different realms of human experience. Science investigates the
natural world, while religion deals with the spiritual and
supernatural — hence, the two can be complementary. Many religious organizations have issued statements declaring that there need not be any conflict between religious faith and the scientific perspective on evolution.1
Furthermore, contrary to stereotype, one certainly doesn't have to be an atheist in order to become a scientist. A 2005 survey of scientists at top research universities found that more than 48% had a religious affiliation and more than 75% believe that religions convey important truths.2 Some scientists — like Francis Collins, former director of the National Human Genome Research Institute, and George Coyne, astronomer and priest — have been outspoken about the satisfaction they find in viewing the world through both a scientific lens and one of personal faith.
This is not to suggest that science and religion
never come into conflict. Though the two generally deal with different realms (
natural vs. spiritual), disagreements do arise about where the boundaries between these realms lie when dealing with questions at their interface. And sometimes, one side crosses a boundary in its claims. For example, when religious tenets make strong claims about the natural world (e.g., claiming that the world was created in six days, as some literal interpretations of the Bible might require), faith and science can find themselves in conflict.
Though such clashes may garner print, airwave, and bandwidth headlines, it's important to remember that, behind the scenes and out of the spotlight, many cases exist in which religious and scientific perspectives present no conflict at all. Thousands of scientists busily carry out their research while maintaining personal spiritual beliefs, and an even larger number of everyday folks fruitfully view the natural world through an
evidence-based, scientific lens and the supernatural world through a spiritual lens. Accepting a scientific worldview needn't require giving up religious faith.
People of many different faiths and levels of scientific expertise see no contradiction between science and religion.
Science and religion: Reconcilable differences
ارتقاء ایک وسیع نظریہ ہے۔ جب اسے دو سطروں میں سمجھنا شروع کیا جاتا ہے یا سمجھایا جاتا ہے تو انسان کے دماغ میں سوالات اٹھنا کوئی انہونی بات نہیں ہے۔ بلکہ یہ انسان کی فطرت کا حصہ ہے۔