سکینڈےنیویا
- صاحب لڑی زیک
- تاریخ ابتداء
قیصرانی
لائبریرین
واہ، آپ تو چھا گئی ہیں۔ مجھے کل آپ کا انتظار “ود چیینج مائینڈ“ کر کے خوشی ہوگی۔ شب بخیر۔ماوراء نے کہا:ابھی میرا جو حال ہو رہا ہے وہ شکستوں والا ہی ہو رہا ہے۔ اس لیے اب صبح بات ہو گی انشاءاللہ۔ لیکن امید ہے کہ آپ کے چینج مائنڈ کے ساتھ۔
اور یہ امتحان تو کچھ بھی نہیں تھا۔ مجھے اپنی زندگی میں اس سے کہیں بڑے امتحانوں کا سامنا بہت ہمت کے ساتھ کیا ہے۔
ہنستی مسکراتی رہیں۔
قیصرانی
محب علوی
مدیر
Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe named after the Scandinavian Peninsula. In many parts of the world the terms "Scandinavia" and "Nordic region" are often used interchangeably. Within the Nordic region itself, however, no ambiguity exists between these two terms. In the indigenous Nordic sense, the region of Scandinavia encompasses three sovereign states:
* Flag of Denmark Denmark proper (excluding autonomous regions)
* continental Flag of Norway Norway (excluding special territories)
* Flag of Sweden Sweden
These three countries came to be viewed as a single political and cultural region during the height of the nationalist movements in these countries in the middle of the 19th century (Scandinavism). The region takes its name from the peninsula, which in turn is thought to be named after the historical province of Skåne (Scania) situated in present-day Sweden at the southern extreme of the Scandinavian peninsula.
Before the mid-19th century, the region included a larger area of Northern Europe:
* Denmark-Norway (now Denmark, Norway, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Greenland and Svalbard, and adjacent parts of Germany)
* Sweden-Finland (now Åland, Finland and Sweden, and adjoining parts of Russia and Estonia)
The label Scandinavia today reflects linguistic similarities (the Scandinavian languages), and also historical and cultural ties as well as similar societal developments. These similarities have persisted despite past enmity and competition, opposite policies during the two World Wars and the Cold War, and differing stances on membership in international organizations (e.g. NATO and the European Union).
ریفرنس
Wikipedia information about Scandinavia
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Scandinavia". More from Wikipedia
Scandinavia
The region in northern Europe containing Norway, Sweden, and Denmark and the peninsulas they occupy. Through cultural, historical, and political associations, Finland and Iceland are often considered part of Scandinavia.
ریفرنس
Geography information about Scandinavia
The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition Edited by E.D. Hirsch, Jr., Joseph F. Kett, and James Trefil. Copyright © 2002 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved. More from Geography
Scandinavia (skăn'dĭnā'vēə) , region of N Europe. It consists of the kingdoms of Sweden, Norway, and Denmark; Finland and Iceland are usually considered part of Scandinavia. Physiographically, Denmark belongs to the North European Plain rather than to the geologically distinct Scandinavian peninsula (which is part of the ancient Baltic Shield), occupied by Norway and Sweden. Sometimes the word “Norden” is applied to the five countries because it avoids the physiographic and cultural limitations of the word Scandinavia. The Scandinavian peninsula (c.300,000 sq mi/777,000 sq km) is c.1,150 mi (1,850 km) long and from 230 to 500 mi (370–805 km) wide and is bordered by the Gulf of Bothnia, the Baltic Sea, the Kattegat and Skagerrak straits, the North Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean. It is mountainous in the west (rising to 8,104 ft/2,470 m at Glittertinden, S Norway) and slopes gently in the east and the south. The region was heavily glaciated during the Ice Age; Jostedalsbreen (W Norway), the largest glacier of mainland Europe, is a remnant of the great ice sheet. The peninsula's western coast is deeply indented by fjords. Short, swift-flowing streams drain to the west, while long parallel rivers and numerous lakes are found in the east; Vänern and Vättern, both in S Sweden, are among Europe's largest lakes.
ریفرنس
Encyclopedia information about Scandinavia
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2003, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/ More from Encyclopedia
جہاں تک میں سمجھا ہوں ، فن لینڈ حقیقت میں سکینڈے نیوین ملک نہیں ہے مگر اب عام فہم بات یہ ہے کہ ایسا سمجھا جاتا ہے اور نارڈک ممالک میں بہرحال یہ ہر صورت شامل ہے۔
* Flag of Denmark Denmark proper (excluding autonomous regions)
* continental Flag of Norway Norway (excluding special territories)
* Flag of Sweden Sweden
These three countries came to be viewed as a single political and cultural region during the height of the nationalist movements in these countries in the middle of the 19th century (Scandinavism). The region takes its name from the peninsula, which in turn is thought to be named after the historical province of Skåne (Scania) situated in present-day Sweden at the southern extreme of the Scandinavian peninsula.
Before the mid-19th century, the region included a larger area of Northern Europe:
* Denmark-Norway (now Denmark, Norway, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Greenland and Svalbard, and adjacent parts of Germany)
* Sweden-Finland (now Åland, Finland and Sweden, and adjoining parts of Russia and Estonia)
The label Scandinavia today reflects linguistic similarities (the Scandinavian languages), and also historical and cultural ties as well as similar societal developments. These similarities have persisted despite past enmity and competition, opposite policies during the two World Wars and the Cold War, and differing stances on membership in international organizations (e.g. NATO and the European Union).
ریفرنس
Wikipedia information about Scandinavia
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Scandinavia". More from Wikipedia
Scandinavia
The region in northern Europe containing Norway, Sweden, and Denmark and the peninsulas they occupy. Through cultural, historical, and political associations, Finland and Iceland are often considered part of Scandinavia.
ریفرنس
Geography information about Scandinavia
The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition Edited by E.D. Hirsch, Jr., Joseph F. Kett, and James Trefil. Copyright © 2002 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved. More from Geography
Scandinavia (skăn'dĭnā'vēə) , region of N Europe. It consists of the kingdoms of Sweden, Norway, and Denmark; Finland and Iceland are usually considered part of Scandinavia. Physiographically, Denmark belongs to the North European Plain rather than to the geologically distinct Scandinavian peninsula (which is part of the ancient Baltic Shield), occupied by Norway and Sweden. Sometimes the word “Norden” is applied to the five countries because it avoids the physiographic and cultural limitations of the word Scandinavia. The Scandinavian peninsula (c.300,000 sq mi/777,000 sq km) is c.1,150 mi (1,850 km) long and from 230 to 500 mi (370–805 km) wide and is bordered by the Gulf of Bothnia, the Baltic Sea, the Kattegat and Skagerrak straits, the North Sea, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean. It is mountainous in the west (rising to 8,104 ft/2,470 m at Glittertinden, S Norway) and slopes gently in the east and the south. The region was heavily glaciated during the Ice Age; Jostedalsbreen (W Norway), the largest glacier of mainland Europe, is a remnant of the great ice sheet. The peninsula's western coast is deeply indented by fjords. Short, swift-flowing streams drain to the west, while long parallel rivers and numerous lakes are found in the east; Vänern and Vättern, both in S Sweden, are among Europe's largest lakes.
ریفرنس
Encyclopedia information about Scandinavia
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition Copyright © 2003, Columbia University Press. Licensed from Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. www.cc.columbia.edu/cu/cup/ More from Encyclopedia
جہاں تک میں سمجھا ہوں ، فن لینڈ حقیقت میں سکینڈے نیوین ملک نہیں ہے مگر اب عام فہم بات یہ ہے کہ ایسا سمجھا جاتا ہے اور نارڈک ممالک میں بہرحال یہ ہر صورت شامل ہے۔
امیداورمحبت
محفلین
۔ بہت ساری باتیں نئی ہیں میرے لئے بھی۔۔ ۔بہت عرصے سےخوائش رہی ۔ہے کہ ناروے کی تاریخ کے بارے میں جانا جائے ۔ ۔ ۔اب لگتا ہے پوری ہوجائے گی
ماوراء
محفلین
قیصرانی، اگر انگلش میں ہوتا تو میں بھیج دیتی لیکن میں نارویجین کی کتابوں سے مواد اکھٹا کر رہی ہوں۔ ناروے کی ہسٹری میں نے لکھ لی ہے۔ بس اب ٹائپ کرنی ہے۔ اور باقی ممالک کی تو میں نے دو دو لائنوں میں لکھنی ہے۔
آپ ٹائپ کر لیں نہ۔ پھر میرے بعد پوسٹ کر دینا۔ ویسے کوشش کرتی ہوںً۔ آج ہی لکھنے کی۔
آپ ٹائپ کر لیں نہ۔ پھر میرے بعد پوسٹ کر دینا۔ ویسے کوشش کرتی ہوںً۔ آج ہی لکھنے کی۔